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Computational Biology

“Dig Once” Approach to Upgrading Electrical and Broadband Infrastructure: A Cost-Effective Solution for Massachusetts Towns

When it comes to upgrading electrical and broadband infrastructure, new research shows that a ‘dig once’ approach is nearly 40% more cost effective than replacing them separately. The study also found that the greatest benefit comes from proactively undergrounding lines that are currently above ground, even if lines haven’t reached the end of their usefulness.

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The article discusses new research from the University of Massachusetts Amherst that shows upgrading electrical and broadband infrastructure using a “dig once” approach is nearly 40% more cost-effective than replacing them separately. The study found that co-undergrounding – burying both electric and broadband internet lines together – saves costs, making it feasible for smaller towns in Massachusetts to make undergrounding upgrades.

Using computational modeling across various infrastructure upgrade scenarios, the researchers found that co-undergrounding is 39% more cost-effective than separately burying electrical and broadband wires. They also explored how aggressively towns should pivot to putting lines underground, considering factors such as the cost of converting lines from above ground to underground, the cost of outages, and the hours of outages that can be avoided if lines are underground.

A case study in Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, found that an aggressive co-undergrounding strategy over 40 years would cost $45.4 million but save $55.1 million from avoiding outages, considering factors like spoiled food, damaged home appliances, missed remote work hours, and increased use of backup power sources.

The researchers also took into account additional benefits such as increased property values from the aesthetic improvement of eliminating overhead lines, resulting in a net benefit of $11.3 million. They concluded that aggressively converting just electrical wires to underground was less expensive but had a significantly lower net benefit than co-undergrounding.

Future research directions include quantifying the impacts of co-undergrounding across various geographic locations and scenarios, investigating alternative underground routing options, and other potential outage mitigation strategies.

The study’s findings aim to help decision makers prioritize strategic planning for infrastructure upgrades, considering factors like soil composition, network type, and land use variables. The ultimate goal is to encourage utilities and towns to think strategically about upgrading electrical and broadband infrastructure using a “dig once” approach.

Artificial Intelligence

“Tiny ‘talking’ robots form shape-shifting swarms that heal themselves”

Scientists have designed swarms of microscopic robots that communicate and coordinate using sound waves, much like bees or birds. These self-organizing micromachines can adapt to their surroundings, reform if damaged, and potentially undertake complex tasks such as cleaning polluted areas, delivering targeted medical treatments, or exploring hazardous environments.

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The article discusses how scientists have developed tiny robots that use sound waves to coordinate into large swarms, exhibiting intelligent-like behavior. This innovative technology has the potential to revolutionize various fields, including environmental remediation, healthcare, and search and rescue operations.

Led by Igor Aronson, a team of researchers created computer models to simulate the behavior of these micromachines. They found that acoustic communication allowed individual robotic agents to work together seamlessly, adapting their shape and behavior to their environment, much like a school of fish or a flock of birds.

The robots’ ability to self-organize and re-form themselves if deformed is a significant breakthrough in the field of active matter, which studies the collective behavior of self-propelled microscopic biological and synthetic agents. This new technology has the potential to tackle complex tasks such as pollution cleanup, medical treatment from inside the body, and even exploration of disaster zones.

The team’s discovery marks a significant leap toward creating smarter, more resilient, and ultimately more useful microrobots with minimal complexity. The insights from this research are crucial for designing the next generation of microrobots capable of performing complex tasks and responding to external cues in challenging environments.

While the robots in the paper were computational agents within a theoretical model, rather than physical devices that were manufactured, the simulations observed the emergence of collective intelligence that would likely appear in any experimental study with the same design. The team’s findings have opened up new possibilities for the use of sound waves as a means of controlling micro-sized robots, offering advantages over chemical signaling such as faster and farther propagation without loss of energy.

This research has far-reaching implications for various fields, including medicine, environmental science, and engineering. It highlights the potential for microrobots to be used in complex tasks such as exploration, cleanup, and medical treatment, and demonstrates their ability to self-heal and maintain collective intelligence even after breaking apart.

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Computational Biology

Quantum Leap Forward: Finnish Researchers Achieve Record-Breaking Qubit Coherence

Aalto University physicists in Finland have set a new benchmark in quantum computing by achieving a record-breaking millisecond coherence in a transmon qubit — nearly doubling prior limits. This development not only opens the door to far more powerful and stable quantum computations but also reduces the burden of error correction.

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The scientific community has made a significant breakthrough in the field of quantum computing, as researchers from Aalto University in Finland have achieved a record-breaking millisecond coherence time for a transmon qubit. This achievement surpasses previous scientifically published records, marking a major leap forward in computational technology.

Longer qubit coherence allows for an extended window of time in which quantum computers can execute error-free operations, enabling more complex quantum computations and reducing the resources needed for quantum error correction. This is a crucial step towards noiseless quantum computing.

The researchers’ findings were published in the prestigious peer-reviewed journal Nature Communications, with the team led by PhD student Mikko Tuokkola. The median reading of half a millisecond also surpasses current recorded readings, making this achievement even more impressive.

Finland’s position at the forefront of quantum science and technology has been cemented through this landmark achievement. The research was conducted by the Quantum Computing and Devices (QCD) group at Aalto University, which is part of the Academy of Finland Centre of Excellence in Quantum Technology (QTF) and the Finnish Quantum Flagship (FQF).

The success reflects the high quality of Micronova cleanrooms at OtaNano, Finland’s national research infrastructure for micro-, nano-, and quantum technologies. Professor Mikko Möttönen, who heads the QCD group, stated that this achievement has strengthened Finland’s standing as a global leader in the field.

To further advance the field, the QCD group has recently opened positions for senior staff members and postdocs to achieve future breakthroughs faster. This commitment to innovation and collaboration will likely lead to even more significant advancements in quantum computing and its applications.

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Computational Biology

A Quantum Leap Forward – New Amplifier Boosts Efficiency of Quantum Computers 10x

Chalmers engineers built a pulse-driven qubit amplifier that’s ten times more efficient, stays cool, and safeguards quantum states—key for bigger, better quantum machines.

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Quantum computers have long been touted as revolutionary machines capable of solving complex problems that stymie conventional supercomputers. However, their full potential has been hindered by the limitations of qubit amplifiers – essential components required to read and interpret quantum information. Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden have taken a significant step forward with the development of an ultra-efficient amplifier that reduces power consumption by 90%, paving the way for more powerful quantum computers with enhanced performance.

The new amplifier is pulse-operated, meaning it’s activated only when needed to amplify qubit signals, minimizing heat generation and decoherence. This innovation has far-reaching implications for scaling up quantum computers, as larger systems require more amplifiers, leading to increased power consumption and decreased accuracy. The Chalmers team’s breakthrough offers a solution to this challenge, enabling the development of more accurate readout systems for future generations of quantum computers.

One of the key challenges in developing pulse-operated amplifiers is ensuring they respond quickly enough to keep pace with qubit readout. To address this, the researchers employed genetic programming to develop a smart control system that enables rapid response times – just 35 nanoseconds. This achievement has significant implications for the future of quantum computing, as it paves the way for more accurate and powerful calculations.

The new amplifier was developed in collaboration with industry partners Low Noise Factory AB and utilizes the expertise of researchers at Chalmers’ Terahertz and Millimeter Wave Technology Laboratory. The study, published in IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, demonstrates a novel approach to developing ultra-efficient amplifiers for qubit readout and offers promising prospects for future research.

In conclusion, the development of this highly efficient amplifier represents a significant leap forward for quantum computing. By reducing power consumption by 90%, researchers have opened doors to more powerful and accurate calculations, unlocking new possibilities in fields such as drug development, encryption, AI, and logistics. As the field continues to evolve, it will be exciting to see how this innovation shapes the future of quantum computing.

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